Animal-free Recombinant Human Cystatin C (Cys-C) is expressed in human 293 cells as a monomer with an apparent molecular mass of 12 to 13 kDa. Native Cys-C in human urine is found in two different forms: one with pI 9.2 and the other with pI 7.8 by elimination of small basic peptides or amino acids from the N-terminal end of protein. Cystatin C has been studied for its role in predicting newonset or deteriorating cardiovascular disease. This cytokine is produced in a serum-free, chemically defined media.

Cystatin C is a 13-kDa protein that is expressed globally in the body. In healthy individuals, glomerular filtration in the kidney maintains it at a safe level. When kidney function is impaired, Cystatin C levels rise quickly. This makes it an early and sensitive biomarker of renal dysfunction (PMID 24848523). A mutation in Cystatin C has been associated with amyloid angiopathy (PMID 11409420). Expression of this protein in vascular wall smooth muscle cells is severely reduced in both atherosclerotic and aneurysmal aortic lesions, establishing its role in vascular disease. In addition, this protein has been shown to have an antimicrobial function, inhibiting the replication of herpes simplex virus.