HRP-conjugated Beta Tubulin Monoclonal antibody

Beta Tubulin Monoclonal Antibody for WB

Host / Isotype

Mouse / IgG2a

Reactivity

human, mouse, rat, nematode, pig, zebrafish

Applications

WB

Conjugate

HRP

Publications

12

CloneNo.

1D4A4

Cat no : HRP-66240

Synonyms

beta 4, beta tubulin, B-tubulin, MC1R, TUBB, TUBB3, TUBB4, Tubulin beta 3 chain, Tubulin beta 4 chain, Tubulin beta III, tubulin, beta 3

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Validation Data Gallery

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  WB analysis of HeLa using HRP-66240

  HeLa cells were subjected to SDS PAGE followed by western blot with HRP-66240 (beta Tubulin antibody) at dilution of 1:50000 incubated at room temperature for 1.5 hours.

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Tested Applications

• Positive WB detected in: HeLa cells

Recommended dilution

• Western Blot (WB): WB : 1:20000-1:100000

It is recommended that this reagent should be titrated in each testing system to obtain optimal results.

Sample-dependent, Check data in validation data gallery.

Published Applications

• WB: See 12 publications below

Product Information

HRP-66240 targets Beta Tubulin in WB applications and shows reactivity with human, mouse, rat, nematode, pig, zebrafish samples.

• Tested Reactivity: human, mouse, rat, nematode, pig, zebrafish
• Cited Reactivity: human, mouse, rat
• Host / Isotype: Mouse / IgG2a
• Class: Monoclonal
• Type: Antibody
• Immunogen: Beta Tubulin fusion protein Ag0117
• Full Name: tubulin, beta 3
• Calculated Molecular Weight: 450 aa, 50 kDa
• Observed Molecular Weight: 50-55 kDa
• GenBank Accession Number: BC000748
• Gene Symbol: TUBB3
• Gene ID (NCBI): 10381
• RRID: AB_2883838
• Conjugate: HRP
• Form: Liquid
• Purification Method: Protein A purification
• Storage Buffer: PBS with 50% Glycerol, 0.05% Proclin300, 0.5% BSA, pH 7.3.
• Storage Conditions: Store at -20°C. Avoid exposure to light. Stable for one year after shipment. Aliquoting is unnecessary for -20^oC storage.

Background Information

There are five tubulins in human cells: alpha, beta, gamma, delta, and epsilon. Tubulins are conserved across species. They form heterodimers, which multimerize to form a microtubule filament. An alpha and beta tubulin heterodimer is the basic structural unit of microtubules. The alpha and beta tubulins (+/- 55 kDa MW) are homologous but are not identical. Beta tubulins have been widely used as loading control.

What is the molecular weight of beta-tubulin? Are there any isoforms of beta-tubulin?

The molecular weight of tubulin is 50-52 kDa. Humans have eight beta-tubulin isotypes, encoded by different genes, that differ in their C-terminal sequences. They have different tissue expression profiles and can rise to microtubules of different properties (PMID: 20191564).

How to use beta-tubulin as a loading control

Beta-tubulin is one of the most commonly used references as a loading control for cell lysates in western blotting. It is abundantly expressed across various tissues and developmental stages and highly conserved across species. However, since some variability has been observed in the expression levels of commonly used housekeeping genes (PMID: 15627964), it is recommended that more than one loading control antibody is used while developing new assays. More information can be found here: https://www.ptglab.com/news/blog/loading-control-antibodies-for-western-blotting/.

What drugs can influence beta-tubulin and organization of microtubules?

Many drugs that affect microtubule dynamics target beta-tubulin, mainly by interfering with the GTP hydrolysis (PMID: 21381049). Paclitaxel (Taxol) is used to stabilize microtubules by slowing down their depolymerization, while colchicine and vinca alkaloids (vinblastine) destabilize microtubules. They are used in research and also in the clinic as anti-cancer agents.

Is beta-tubulin post-translationally modified?

Yes, tubulins are subject to extensive post-translational modifications (PTMs) that affect the organization of microtubules and their dynamics. The most common modifications include polyglutamylation, polyglycylation, polyamination, glycososylation, glycation, phosphorylation, and acetylation (PMID: 24801181 and 25468068).

Publications

Species	Application	Title
mouse	WB	Int J Biol Sci; Activation of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor in microglia attenuates neuroinflammation-induced glial scarring via rescuing Arf and Rho GAP adapter protein 3 expressions after nerve injury.; Authors - Zhanyang Qian
human	WB	Bioorg Chem; Rational design of phenyl thiophene (pyridine) derivatives that overcome P-glycoprotein mediated MDR in MCF-7/ADR cell.; Authors - Ya-Sheng Li
mouse	WB	Sci Rep; Sexual dimorphic impacts of systemic vincristine on lower urinary tract function.; Authors - Nao Iguchi
mouse	WB	Int Immunopharmacol; Forsythoside B attenuates neuro-inflammation and neuronal apoptosis by inhibition of NF-κB and p38-MAPK signaling pathways through activating Nrf2 post spinal cord injury; Authors - Mingjie Xia
human	WB	FASEB J; The novel sustained 3-hydroxybutyrate donor poly-D-3-hydroxybutyric acid prevents inflammatory bowel disease through upregulation of regulatory T-cells; Authors - Rimina Suzuki
mouse	WB	Neurobiol Dis; Constraint-induced movement therapy alleviates motor impairment by inhibiting the accumulation of neutrophil extracellular traps in ischemic cortex; Authors - Congqin Li