Beta Tubulin Monoklonaler Antikörper

Beta Tubulin Monoklonal Antikörper für WB

Wirt / Isotyp

Maus / IgG2a

Getestete Reaktivität

Hausschwein, human, Maus, nematode, Ratte, Zebrafisch

Anwendung

WB

Konjugation

HRP Fluorescent Dye

Publikationen

7

CloneNo.

1D4A4

Kat-Nr. : HRP-66240

Synonyme

beta 4, beta tubulin, B-tubulin, MC1R, TUBB, TUBB3, TUBB4, Tubulin beta 3 chain, Tubulin beta 4 chain, Tubulin beta III, tubulin, beta 3

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Galerie der Validierungsdaten

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  WB analysis of HeLa using HRP-66240

  HeLa cells were subjected to SDS PAGE followed by western blot with HRP-66240 (beta Tubulin antibody) at dilution of 1:50000 incubated at room temperature for 1.5 hours.

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Geprüfte Anwendungen

• Erfolgreiche Detektion in WB: HeLa-Zellen

Empfohlene Verdünnung

• Western Blot (WB): WB : 1:20000-1:100000

Sample-dependent, check data in validation data gallery

Veröffentlichte Anwendungen

• WB: See 7 publications below

Produktinformation

HRP-66240 bindet in WB Beta Tubulin und zeigt Reaktivität mit Hausschwein, human, Maus, nematode, Ratten, Zebrafisch

• Getestete Reaktivität: Hausschwein, human, Maus, nematode, Ratte, Zebrafisch
• In Publikationen genannte Reaktivität: human, Maus
• Wirt / Isotyp: Maus / IgG2a
• Klonalität: Monoklonal
• Typ: Antikörper
• Immunogen: Beta Tubulin fusion protein Ag0117
• Vollständiger Name: tubulin, beta 3
• Berechnetes Molekulargewicht: 450 aa, 50 kDa
• Beobachtetes Molekulargewicht: 50-55 kDa
• GenBank-Zugangsnummer: BC000748
• Gene symbol: TUBB3
• Gene ID (NCBI): 10381
• Konjugation: HRP Fluorescent Dye
• Form: Liquid
• Reinigungsmethode: Protein-A-Reinigung
• Lagerungspuffer: BS mit 50% Glyzerin, 0,05% Proclin300, 0,5% BSA, pH 7,3.
• Lagerungsbedingungen: Bei -20°C lagern. Vor Licht schützen. Nach dem Versand ein Jahr stabil. Aliquotieren ist bei -20^oC Lagerung nicht notwendig. 20ul Größen enthalten 0,1% BSA.

Hintergrundinformationen

There are five tubulins in human cells: alpha, beta, gamma, delta, and epsilon. Tubulins are conserved across species. They form heterodimers, which multimerize to form a microtubule filament. An alpha and beta tubulin heterodimer is the basic structural unit of microtubules. The alpha and beta tubulins (+/- 55 kDa MW) are homologous but are not identical. Beta tubulins have been widely used as loading control.

What is the molecular weight of beta-tubulin? Are there any isoforms of beta-tubulin?

The molecular weight of tubulin is 50-52 kDa. Humans have eight beta-tubulin isotypes, encoded by different genes, that differ in their C-terminal sequences. They have different tissue expression profiles and can rise to microtubules of different properties (PMID: 20191564).

How to use beta-tubulin as a loading control

Beta-tubulin is one of the most commonly used references as a loading control for cell lysates in western blotting. It is abundantly expressed across various tissues and developmental stages and highly conserved across species. However, since some variability has been observed in the expression levels of commonly used housekeeping genes (PMID: 15627964), it is recommended that more than one loading control antibody is used while developing new assays. More information can be found here: https://www.ptglab.com/news/blog/loading-control-antibodies-for-western-blotting/.

What drugs can influence beta-tubulin and organization of microtubules?

Many drugs that affect microtubule dynamics target beta-tubulin, mainly by interfering with the GTP hydrolysis (PMID: 21381049). Paclitaxel (Taxol) is used to stabilize microtubules by slowing down their depolymerization, while colchicine and vinca alkaloids (vinblastine) destabilize microtubules. They are used in research and also in the clinic as anti-cancer agents.

Is beta-tubulin post-translationally modified?

Yes, tubulins are subject to extensive post-translational modifications (PTMs) that affect the organization of microtubules and their dynamics. The most common modifications include polyglutamylation, polyglycylation, polyamination, glycososylation, glycation, phosphorylation, and acetylation (PMID: 24801181 and 25468068).

Publikationen

Species	Application	Title
mouse	WB	Int J Biol Sci; Activation of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor in microglia attenuates neuroinflammation-induced glial scarring via rescuing Arf and Rho GAP adapter protein 3 expressions after nerve injury.; Authors - Zhanyang Qian
human	WB	Bioorg Chem; Rational design of phenyl thiophene (pyridine) derivatives that overcome P-glycoprotein mediated MDR in MCF-7/ADR cell.; Authors - Ya-Sheng Li
mouse	WB	Sci Rep; Sexual dimorphic impacts of systemic vincristine on lower urinary tract function.; Authors - Nao Iguchi
mouse	WB	Int Immunopharmacol; Forsythoside B attenuates neuro-inflammation and neuronal apoptosis by inhibition of NF-κB and p38-MAPK signaling pathways through activating Nrf2 post spinal cord injury; Authors - Mingjie Xia
human	WB	FASEB J; The novel sustained 3-hydroxybutyrate donor poly-D-3-hydroxybutyric acid prevents inflammatory bowel disease through upregulation of regulatory T-cells; Authors - Rimina Suzuki
mouse	WB	Neurobiol Dis; Constraint-induced movement therapy alleviates motor impairment by inhibiting the accumulation of neutrophil extracellular traps in ischemic cortex; Authors - Congqin Li